Babban yawa da farashin waya na gargajiya a cikin motoci sun haifar da masana'antun don neman kayan rage farashin don cimma burin rage farashi don samun madadin kayayyaki don samun nauyin farashi. Aluminum ya zama madadin jan ƙarfe saboda kyakkyawan halin sa, ƙananan yawa da ƙananan tsada, amma kuma yana da matsaloli kamar haduwa da ƙarancin hutawa da iskar shawa da iskar shawa da iskar shawa da iskar shawa da rashin daidaituwa. Labarin ya mayar da hankali kan manyan kayayyaki masu sarrafa kansa, kuma yana bincika matsalolin fasaha da ke buƙatar warware jan ƙarfe, haddi, creep, haddi, creep na hadawa da bambance-bambance a cikin iskar fadada. Ta hanyar nazarin ƙa'idodin waya na International Autinational Autinational Autinational Autinational Autin Internationaly Aikin Kasa da sauyawa na yanki tare da yanki mafi girma na yanki mai yawa don maye gurbin waya mafi girma don maye gurbin ƙarfe, bin ka'idodin daidaitaccen juriya; Bayar da mafita da hanyoyin sadarwa guda biyu: waldigen gogewa da ultrasonic welding, da amfani da m m tubing tubing don buga hatimi. Labarin yana samar da sabuwar hanya tare da darajar tunani don kamfanoni masu aiki don cimma ragi da fitilaci.

Hasitan Wirwarewar motoci duk suna kan jikin motar. Wayoyi na gargajiya an yi shi ne da jan ƙarfe mai cike da tagomar mahaifa, aka zana da kuma hingged ta hanyar hanyoyin sarrafawa na musamman. Saboda babban adadin jan karfe, jimlar nauyin wirning na abin hawa ya wuce 20kg kuma farashin yana da tsada, wanda ya kawo matsin lamba ga kamfanoni. Har zuwa wannan, masana'antar tana binciken kayan ɗorewa don wayoyi masu jan ƙarfe don cimma burin rage rage farashin da mara nauyi. A tsakanin abubuwan da aka gama gama gari, aluminium ya zama madadin. Yana da kyau a cikin rayuwa na biyu kawai ga jan karfe na yau da kullun a tsakanin karafa da aka saba amfani dashi, kuma shine haske cikin nauyi. Yawan sa shine kusan kashi 30% na jan ƙarfe da farashinsa shine 20% ~ 30% na jan ƙarfe, amma yana da matsaloli kamar haduwa da iskar shaka da iskar shawa da iskar shawa da iskar shawa da iskar shawa da iskar shawa da iskar shawa da iskar shawa da iskar shawa da iskar shawa da iskar shawa da iskar shawa da iskar shawa da iskar shawa da iskar shawa da iskar shawa da iskar shawa da ta dace. Wannan labarin ya ba da tabbacin fasaha game da maganin da za a maye gurbin jan ƙarfe tare da aluminium don manyan igiyoyin sarrafa kayan aiki.

1. Matattarar da ke buƙatar warwarewa yayin maye jan ƙarfe tare da aluminium

Aluminium mafi girman jan karfe a farashi da inganci, kuma ya zama tabo mai zafi don rage farashin da kuma bincike mai ƙarewa a cikin kamfanonin motoci. Ko ta yaya, aluminium yana maye gurbin jan ƙarfe har yanzu yana fuskantar wasu matsaloli na fasaha.

1) Aikin bikin yanki na aluminum ba shi da rauni ga jan ƙarfe. Idan an magance matsalar ta hanyar ƙara yanki na giciye na wayoyi na aluminium, wanda zai sanya cutar da igiyar waya ta fi ta harama ta tagulla. Filin shigarwa da lanƙwasa radius suna buƙatar la'akari da lokacin da ake shirya harshaƙa.

2) aluminium yana da karancin ƙarfi. Verarfin injina shine 1 / 3 daga cikin na tagulla, kuma yana da sauƙi a karye a lokacin yin laifi. Lokacin da motar ke tuki, waya tana fashewa kuma yana da sauƙin fashewa, saboda haka ƙarfin murfin aluminum yana buƙatar ƙaruwa.

3) aluminum yana da matukar mahimmanci creep phenomenon creep. A kusa da 80 ℃, creep yana ƙaruwa da matsin lamba, yayin da ƙarfe yana buƙatar ya wuce kashi 230 ℃ don nuna wani matakin creep creep. Halayen creep na alumsive na aluminum zai haifar da batun haɗin da sassaiɗa tare da canje-canje na zazzabi da lokacin bayan an ƙidaya shi, yana shafar tashar wutar lantarki ta waya.

Sabili da haka, fasaha mai jan ƙarfe na aluminum-na buƙatar ƙira na musamman don tabbatar da aikin da za a iya amfani da wutar lantarki a dukkanin tsarin rayuwar Samfurin.

4) Aluminum ne na kimantawa. Ana iya sauƙin maye a lokacin da aka fallasa iska, samar da dumbin yawa da kuma mulkin aluminum Oxhide fim. Alumumiyar aluminiin yana da kaddarorin rufewa kuma zai shafi kasuwancin wayoyi na aluminium. A lokacin da aluminum suke tuntuɓar tashar tagulla a cikin gumi, yana da sauƙi don samar da ɓarna na lantarki a haɗi kuma yana haifar da mai ba da aluminium. Dole ne a guji wannan halin.

5) Aluminum da jan ƙarfe suna da ƙarancin iskar lantarki. Bayan musictionarshen zamani na zafi da sanyi, haɗin yana da sauƙin kwance, yana shafar dogaro da batun haɗin.

Nazarin bincike na 2.ka da mafita na aluminium na maye gurbin jan ƙarfe

1) Binciken bincike

A kasashen duniya, akwai manyan ka'idoji guda uku: American, Jafananci, da Turai. Tare da hadin kan masana'antar masana'antu a duniya a cikin masana'antar kera motoci, ka'idojin waya na kasashe daban-daban suna motsawa kusa da jerin ka'idodin na ISO. A halin yanzu, oems na gida mafi yawan amfani da tagulla na tagulla kuma bi ITO 19642-5 da ka'idodi na duniya 6722-1 6722-1. Wadannan ka'idoji guda biyu suna da tagulla iri ɗaya don tagulla masu amfani da wayoyi masu amfani da kaya, kuma duka suna samun tsayin tsayaki, suna tsayayya da wutar lantarki da sauran halayen wayoyi daki-daki. Daga gare su, ISO 19642-5 yana da cikakken bayani game da aikin waya.

An yi amfani da wayoyi na kasashen waje a aikace-aikacen masana'antu na akalla shekaru 30. An fara amfani da su a masana'antar jirgin sama kuma an fara amfani da su a cikin filin kera motoci a farkon karni na 21. A cikin 2013, hukumomin International Standard Ito 6722-2 don Autuman zane-zane sun fito, kuma a shekarar 2019, an sake wannan iso 19642-6. Ka'idojin kasa da kasa Iso 19642-6 da ISO 6722-6 suna ba da bukatun fasaha na jagoranci, da kuma iso 19642-6 yana da cikakkun bayanai game da aikin mai gudanar da kayan aiki. Saboda haka, ƙirar makircin yana buƙatar fahimtar waɗannan ka'idojin ƙasa da ƙasa.

Masu gudanar da aluminium dole ne su yi daidai da masu yin kwalliya da bugun jini: da farko, dole ne su tabbatar da cewa suna da tagomashi a kan kayan da'irar; na biyu, yana hana wireum na alumsized; Na uku, cimma wata ingantacciyar hanyar haɗi tsakanin waya ta alumini da tashoshin, saboda kayan aluminum yana da ƙarancin ƙarfi, yana iya gajiya bayan tsananin liyafa, iska, da tsananin tsananin ƙarfi.

2) Sauran hanyoyin masu mallakar layin wutar lantarki

Kwatanta ka'idodin kasa da kasa Iso 19642-5 da ISO 6722-1 19642-6 ga tsararren aluminium, ana iya ganin cewa lokacin da jabu ke kama da shi, da isoum mai kama da na jan karfe.

Aluminum na Turai da Aluminum Deaƙwalwar Aluminum Doctition daidaitaccen daidaitaccen daidaitaccen daidaitaccen daidaitaccen daidaitaccen daidaitaccen ma'auni 573-3: 2003 Sarrafes cewa aluminum da Alumsy allys da za a iya raba su 8 zuwa jerin. Daga gare su, jerin gwanbori 1 shine tsarkakakken waya mai aluminum tare da abun ciki na aluminium fiye da 99%; Jerin 2 zuwa 8 Aluminum Alayen Alumsum sune sabbin kayan aikin aluminum na aluminum. Matrix mai zafi ne mai zafi. A karkashin yanayin tabbatar da wasu tabbaci Tabbas aiki, da ƙarfin tensal na aluminum riguna an inganta shi, yayin tabbatar da isasshen elongation.

Halayen Tsara na 1 Tsararren Waya sune babban aiki, kyakkyawan ƙimar ƙimar ƙwararru, ƙarfafawa na tsawon lokaci ~ 110mpta, da kuma yin elongation elongation mafi girma sama da 12%. Shine mafi yawan amfani da keɓaɓɓen keɓaɓɓun igiyoyin mota. Wannan matakin na waya na aluminum ya dace da igiyoyin wutar lantarki na diamita.

A takaice, ka'idodin daidai ana iya sauya jan karfe tare da tsarkakakkiyar waya tare da mafi girma yanki, da kuma juriya na wayoyi gabaɗaya da kuma kusa. Misali, yankin yanki na giciye na asali na ƙarfe na ƙarfe shine 35mm2, kuma matsakaiciyar juriya na shugaba na ɓangaren naúrar a 20 ℃ shine 050m- / m. Musamman bayani na mallakar aluminicification tare da mafi kusancin juriya yana buƙatar haɓaka zuwa 60mm2. A wannan lokacin, matsakaicin juriya na mai jagorancin kowane ɗayan tsawon naúrar a 20 ℃ shine 0.525mω / m.
3) Tsarin haɗin kai tsakanin wayoyi da tashoshi
Bayani mai ma'ana

Fasaha mai amfani da aka samo fiye da shekaru ɗari da suka gabata. Yana amfani da zafin rana da aka kirkira ta fuskar saduwa da lambar sadarwa ta kayan aiki don yin aikin da ke cikin matsananciyar matsawa, saboda cimma nasarar walwala. Wannan fasahar ana amfani dashi sosai a cikin filayen farar hula da Aerospace.

Kayan aikin yana tura kayan aikin don samar da zafi mai yawa ta hanyar tashin hankali, wanda ke rage yawan filayen, kuma yana sa juna ya bambanta haɗin gwiwa. A lokaci guda, tashin hankali mai sauri yana lalata fim ɗin oxide a saman ƙarfe kuma yana inganta ɗabi'ar haɗin gwiwa. Idan aka kwatanta da walsing na gargajiya na gargajiya, walding na gogewa yana da halaye masu zuwa: Na farko, ƙarfin haɗin gwiwa, da ƙarfin haɗin gwiwa, da ƙarfin haɗin gwiwa, da ƙarfin haɗin gwiwa, da ƙarfin haɗin gwiwa, da ƙarfin haɗin gwiwa, da ƙarfin haɗin gwiwa, da ƙarfin haɗin gwiwa, da ƙarfin haɗin gwiwa, da ƙarfin haɗin gwiwa, da ƙarfin haɗin gwiwa, da ƙarfin haɗin gwiwa, da ƙarfin haɗin gwiwa, da ƙarfin haɗin gwiwa, da ƙarfin haɗin gwiwa, da ƙarfin haɗin gwiwa, da ƙarfin haɗin gwiwa, da ƙarfin haɗin gwiwa, da ƙarfin haɗin gwiwa, da ƙarfin haɗin gwiwa, da ƙarfin haɗin gwiwa, da ƙarfin hadin gwiwa, da ƙarfin haɗin gwiwa, da ƙarfin haɗin gwiwa, da ƙarfin haɗin gwiwa, da ƙarfin haɗin gwiwa, da ƙarfin hadin gwiwa, da ƙarfin hadin gwiwa daidai da na iyaye kayan; Na biyu, yana da kuzari-tanadi da kuma sada zumunci da tsabtace jijiyoyin jini da gas na kariya, ba mai guba ko kuma kayan gas ba yana cin abinci kaɗan; Abu na uku, walwala waldi na iya cimma nasarar samar da kayan dissimilar, hadin gwiwa bashi da pores ko incrusions, kuma babu lalata lantarki.

A cikin wannan hanyar, "L" -shed tagulla-aluminum composite ya dauki nauyin walding tsari tsari da wutsiya tsarkakakke silinder. Ana amfani da farantin ƙarfe mai gina don tara zuwa batir ko mai farawa. An yi shi ne da tagulla, yana da ƙarfi mai ƙarfi, ba mai sauƙi ne don karya lalata cututtukan lantarki da ke tsakanin tagulla da jikin tagulla ba. Tufafin tsarkakakke silin din aluminum shine tsarin shafin yanar gizon da aka yi amfani da shi don haɗa mai ba da aluminium. Bayan an sanya shi a madadin aluminium a cikin tsarkakakkiyar silima silima ta kayan aiki na musamman, an manta da kayan aiki. Abun tsarkakakkiyar waya da tsarkakakkiyar sililin aluminum an yi shi da abu iri ɗaya kuma suna da wadataccen yaduwar yanayin lokacin da yake da bambanci sosai saboda bambanci a cikin mafi ƙarancin shimfidar wuri.

Amfanin wannan maganin shine: farantin karfe mai ɗaure na iya haɗuwa da buƙatun na alumini na gargajiya na gargajiya na gargajiya wanda ba wai kawai ya haifar da matsalar haɗin kai ba.

Bayan an haɗa tashar da aka haɗa da mai gabatar da zafi na alumini mai cike da wuta mai cike da zafi mai cike da zafi tare da manne tare da glue za'a iya amfani dashi don ɗaure. Tushewar zafi mai zafi yana da rufi, juriya na lalata da kuma sanye juriya. Bayan an yi masa zafi ta kayan aiki na musamman, bangon bango na waje, da manne mai laushi a kan glue na ciki, yana rufe sashin haɗin waya da kuma saman murfin waya. Bayan sanyaya da karbuwa, zai iya cimma kwanciyar hankali da juriya da lalata, kuma suna hana lalata hadayu na oxidation a hadin gwiwa.
Maganin walda

Tun daga shekarun 1980, an yi amfani da fasahar welding na ƙarfe na ƙarfe na waya, ta amfani da ƙarfin dafaffen mitar ultrasonic don tsara tsarin ƙarfe na ƙarfe kuma haɗa guda ɗaya ko kuma nau'ikan ƙarfe ɗaya ko daban-daban. Hukuncin da aka gani ya sami ikon ƙarfe ba tare da narke kayan iyaye ba kuma yana iya guje wa sararin samaniya da hadawa da walwani na yau da kullun.

Ana amfani da fasahar welding na ultrasonic sosai a cikin haɗin wayoyi da wayoyi, wayoyi da tashoshinsu. Ana iya sauya tsarin waldi da sigogi na tsari a duk lokacin aiwatarwa. Welded haɗin gwiwa shine tsarkakakken mai haɗin ƙarfe, wanda ba tsufa, creep da gajiya. Haɗin ya tabbata, dogaro yana da yawa, kuma tsayayyawar karancin karami ne.

Wannan fasaha na iya haɗa abubuwa iri ɗaya ko daban-daban, kamar jan ƙarfe da aluminum. Tunda aka sanya ƙarfe kai tsaye, babu wani ƙarin somter ko ake bukata. Bugu da kari, Ultrasonic Welding yana da rauni mai rauni a kan kayan kuma m ba ya canza kaddarorin da aka kera da kayan kewaye. Ultrasonic Welding yana da tsari mai sauƙi, ƙarfin haɗin gwiwa, yana da kyau a matsayin da za a iya walding mai yawa. Masu yin kaya tare da yanki mai giciye na 160mm2 ko ma mafi girma ana iya siye. Haka kuma fasahar da fasaha mai amfani, fasahar welding na ultrasonic don haɗin kayan dissimilar kayan dissimilar kayayyaki da kayan tarko, kuma anyi amfani dashi a cikin waya da masana'antar USB. Sabili da haka, wannan maganin yana amfani da tashoshin tagulla, wanda ke da alaƙa da tsarkakakkun fasahar walum ta hanyar fasahar weld ultrasonic, kuma an ƙididdige su kuma gyarawa da maƙarƙashiya don haɓaka dogaro da haɗin. Hakanan, ana iya amfani da tubalin zafi sau biyu don rufe haɗin don hana lalata iskar shaka a hadin gwiwa.

3. Takaitawa

Dangane da yanayin yanzu na babban farashi da nauyin nauyi na tagulla da wayoyi na aluminium, kuma yana ba da sabuwar hanyar maye gurbin kayan kwalliya don rage farashi don rage farashi don rage farashi don rage farashi don rage farashi don rage farashin.