Ubucucike bwinshi n'igiciro cy'insinga z'umuringa gakondo mu modoka yatumye inganda zisaba inganda gushaka ibindi bikoresho kugira ngo igabanuke ry'ibiciro no kwishimana. Aluminum yabaye umusimbura mwiza kumuringa kubera imishinga myiza yayo, ubucucike bugufi nigiciro gito, ariko kandi gifite ibibazo nkimbaraga nke kandi ni okiside yoroshye. Iyi ngingo yibanda ku izo insinga nini-ingufu, kandi ishakisha cyane ingorane za tekiniki zigomba gukemurwa mugihe usimbuye umuringa hamwe na aluminiyumu, harimo kuyobora, imbaraga, imbogamizi hamwe no gutandukana no gutandukana kwa coation. Mugusesengura amahame mpuzamahanga yimodoka, ubushakashatsi bushoboka bwo gusimbuza umuringa hamwe na aluminiyumu bwakozwe, kandi igisubizo cyihariye cya tekiniki cyakozwe: ukoresheje urukurikirane rwihariye rwa tropper hamwe nigice kinini cyo gusimbuza insinga; Gutanga insinga ebyiri hamwe na terefone ihuza amakuru: gusudira gusetsa no gusudira ultrasonic, no gukoresha ubushyuhe bunini bukomeye bwo kumurika guhagarika kare. Iyi ngingo itanga inzira nshya ifite agaciro kamasosiyete yimodoka kugirango igarure igiciro no mu mucyo.

Imodoka yo gushaka ibinyabiziga irahagarara yose hejuru yumubiri wimodoka. Insinga gakondo zikozwe mu muringa uharanira ubuziranenge ku icuraburindi ryahimbye, ryashushanijwe kandi rifite inzira zidasanzwe. Kubera ubwinshi bw'umuringa, uburemere bwose bw'ikinyabiziga gifite ibikoresho birenga 20kg kandi ikiguzi kiri hejuru, kizana igitutu ku bigo. Kugira ngo ibyo bishoboke, inganda zikoresha neza ibikoresho byo ku muringa by'umuringa kugirango ugere ku ntego zo kugabanya ibiciro no mu mucyo. Mubikorwa rusange, aluminium numusimbura mwiza. Ifite imyitwarire myiza, isegonda gusa yumuringa muburyo busanzwe bukoreshwa, kandi ni umucyo muburemere. Ubucucike bwayo bugera kuri 30% yumuringa nigiciro cyacyo ni 20% gusa ~ 30% yumuringa, ariko bifite ibibazo nkimbaraga nke kandi ni okidation yoroshye. Iyi ngingo irabigaragaza igisubizo cya tekiniki yo gusimbuza umuringa hamwe na aluminium kubice binini-byimitsi.

1.Ibibazo byingenzi bigomba gukemurwa mugihe usimbuye umuringa hamwe na aluminium

Aluminum iruta umuringa mubiciro nubwiza, kandi yahindutse ahantu hashyushye kugabanuka no gukora ubushakashatsi bworoshye mumasosiyete yimodoka. Ariko, aluminium isimbuza umuringa aracyahura nibibazo bya tekiniki.

1) Umuco wa Aluminium uri munsi yumuringa. Niba ikibazo cyakemutse mu kongera igice cyambukiranya igice cyinsinga za aluminium zigomba kwiyongereyeho 1 ~ 2, bizatuma habaho ibikoresho bya alumini nini kuruta ibikoresho byumuringa. Umwanya wo kwishyiriraho no kunama kwa radiyo bigomba gusuzumwa mugihe utegura ibikoresho.

2) Aluminium ifite imbaraga nke. Imbaraga za mashini ni 1 / 3 zumuringa, kandi biroroshye gucika mugihe cyagata. Iyo imodoka itwaye, insinga iranyeganyega kandi biroroshye kumeneka, bityo imbaraga zumugozi wa aluminium zigomba kwiyongera.

3) Aluminium ifite ikibazo gikomeye cyo guhuza ibintu. Hafi ya 80 ℃, urujya n'uruza rwinshi mukibazo, mugihe umuringa ukeneye hejuru ya 230 ℃ kugirango werekane urwego runaka rwo guterana. Ibiranga ibiranga ihohoterwa rishingiye ku balumunum bizatera guhuza ingingo yo kurekura ubushyuhe n'igihe nyuma ya terminal ituruka, bigira ingaruka ku mikorere y'amashanyarazi.

Kubwibyo, tekinoroji yo guhuza umuringa isaba igishushanyo cyihariye kugirango habeho imiti yizewe mubuzima bwibicuruzwa.

4) Alumunum arimo akora imiti. Nibyayo byoroshye mugihe uhuye numwuka, ugakora firime nyinshi kandi ikomeye oxide oxide. Oxide oxide ifite imitungo ikomeye yo kwishura kandi izagira ingaruka kumikorere ya aluminium. Iyo Aluminium ihuza imiyoboro yumuringa muburyo buhebuje kandi bufite imbaraga, biroroshye gukora reaction ya galiva, bigatuma ruswa ihuza kandi igaburira umuyobozi wa aluminimu. Iki kibazo kigomba kwirindwa.

5) Aluminium n'umuringa bafite coefficion zitandukanye zo kwagura ikirere. Nyuma yigihe kinini cyo guhinduranya hashyushye kandi hakonje, ihuriro riroroshye kurekura, rigira ingaruka ku kwizerwa kwibiganiro.

2.Gusuzuma hamwe nibisubizo bya tekiniki bya aluminiyumu gusimbuza umuringa

1) Isesengura

Ku rwego mpuzamahanga, hari ibipimo bitatu byingenzi byimodoka: Umunyamerika, Ikiyapani, n'Uburayi. Hamwe no kwinjiza ku isi hose mu nganda zinganda mu nganda zimodoka, amahame y'insinga y'ibihugu bitandukanye igenda yegereye buhoro buhoro urukurikirane rw'amafaranga mpuzamahanga. Kugeza ubu, automobile nyinshi zo mu rugo zikoresha umuringa winkinga zidasanzwe hanyuma ukurikire ISO 19642-5 na ISO 6722. Aya mahame yombi afite ibisabwa na tekiniki yumuringa wimodoka yibanze, kandi byombi bigaragarira ibikomeye, ntabimenyetso nibindi biranga insinga birambuye. Muri bo, ISO 196425, ifite ibisabwa birambuye kubikorwa byo kwire.

Insinga zo mu mahanga ya Aluminum zakoreshejwe mu nganda zinganda byibuze imyaka 30. Bakoreshwaga bwa mbere mu nganda z'indege batangira gukoreshwa mu murima w'imodoka mu ntangiriro z'ikinyejana cya 21. Muri 2013, ingingo mpuzamahanga mpuzamahanga Iso 6722-2 ku nyoni ya Aluminum ya Aluminum, kandi muri 2019, isa na ISO 19642-6. UBUYOBOZI Mpuzamahanga ISO 19642-6 na ISO 6722-2 Ibisabwa bya tekiniki Diameter, Kurwanya, Kurwanya ingano Kubwibyo, igishushanyo mbonera cya gahunda kigomba kunonosorwa gusuzuma aya mahame mpuzamahanga.

Abayobora Abanyeshuri ba Aluminum bagomba kuba bihwanye n'abayobozi b'umuringa kandi bahura n'ingingo eshatu: Icya mbere, bagomba kwemeza ko mutwara abatwara abatwara abatwara abatwara umuringa, bakomeza kubaho mu mirimo ya bisindire basimbuwe no gusimbuza ibintu bishinzwe kuyobora; Icya kabiri, kubuza insinga ya aluminium kuba okiside; Icya gatatu, kugera kumurongo wizewe hagati yinsinga ya aluminium, kubera ko ibikoresho bya alumum bifite ubukana buke kandi bukaba bunamiye bundi kunama, umuyaga, hamwe no kunyeganyega cyane.

2) Ubundi buryo bwabakoresha amashanyarazi

Kugereranya amahame mpuzamahanga ISO 19642-5 na ISO 6722-1 kubatwara umuringa, na ISO 19642-6 na ISO 6722-2 kubayobora ba Aluminum, birashobora kugaragara nkibisobanuro binini kugirango bigere kubwubatsi busa nuwo muyobora umuringa.

Aluminum aluminiyumu na aluminium aluminium ibihimbano bisanzwe en 573-3: 2003 iteganya ko aluminium na aluminium bivuguruzanya mu rukurikirane 8. Muri bo, urukurikirane 1 ni insinga nziza ya aluminium hamwe nibirimo birenga 99%; Urukurikirane 2 kugeza kuri 8 AlUminium ALLOYS ni alloys nshya ishingiye ku balumini yateye imbere yongeyeho ibipimo bitandukanye bya si, Fe, CU, MG, MG, Nano-ceramics na karuboni na aluminiyumu. Matrix ni uguvura ubushyuhe. Muburyo bwo kwemeza ko mu bunararibonye runaka, imbaraga za kanseri za aluminium zahujwe, nubwo zizemeza kurahira bihagije.

Ibiranga urukurikirane 1 bwera aluminium, imikorere myiza yubushyuhe, imbaraga za kanseri ya 60 ~ 110MPA, hamwe na elongation elongtion kurenza 12%. Numuyobozi wa Aluminiyumu usanzwe ukoreshwa kubirobyi byimodoka. Iki cyiciro cya aluminium kirakwiriye kumigozi nini.

Muri make, ihame ryo kurwanya ibingana rirashobora gukurikizwa kugirango risimbuze insinga yumuringa hamwe nimigozi yumusaruro hamwe nigice kinini cyambukiranya igice, kandi kurwanya insinga mbere na nyuma yo gusimburwa ni kimwe cyangwa hafi. Kurugero, agace kambukiranya igice cyinkwi zumwimerere ni 35mm2, hamwe no kurwanya ntarengwa umuyobozi kuri 20 ℃ ni 0.527mω / m. Ibisobanuro bya Aluminum ibisobanuro hamwe nibipimo byo kurwanya hafi bigomba kwiyongera kugera kuri 60mm2. Muri iki gihe, kurwanya ntarengwa umuyobozi kuri buri gice kuri 20 ℃ ni 0.525mω / m.
3) Gahunda yo guhuza hagati yinsinga na terefone
Gutanga igisubizo cyo gusudira

Ikoranabuhanga ryo gusudira ryatangiriye imyaka irenga ijana ishize. Ikoresha ubushyuhe bukorwa no guterana amagambo yimikorere kugirango ukore umurimo uhinduranya neza igitutu, bityo ukagera kuri Welding. Iri koranabuhanga rikoreshwa cyane mu mirima mbonezamubano na Aerospace.

Ibikoresho bitera akazi kugirango bibe ubushyuhe bwinshi mu guterana amagambo, bigabanya ubukana bw'icyuma, bikabangamira ibyuma, kandi bigatuma ibyuma bikwiranye no gukonjesha no guhindaho no guhindagurika ku rutanga gihanitse. Mugihe kimwe, amakimbirane yihuta asenya firime ya oxide ku buso bwibyuma kandi itezimbere imikorere yasutswe. Compared with traditional fusion welding, friction welding has the following characteristics: First, the welded joint has high strength, stable quality, good component consistency, and the joint strength is equivalent to that of the parent material; Icya kabiri, ni ugukiza imbaraga no kuba inshuti ibidukikije, utaba ngombwa ko usudira na gaze yo gusudira no kurinda imyuka yo gukingura, nta myuka yuburozi cyangwa yangiza cyangwa yangiza ikozwe mubwiza, kandi ibikoresho byangiza bikozwe mugihe cyo gusudira, kandi ibikoresho byangiza bikozwe mugihe cyo gusudira, kandi ibikoresho byangiza bikozwe mugihe cyo gusudira, kandi ibikoresho byangiza bikozwe mugihe cyo gusudira, kandi ibikoresho byangiza bikozwe mugihe cyo gusudira, kandi ibikoresho byangiza bikozwe mugihe cyo gusudira, kandi ibikoresho byangiza bikozwe mugihe cyo gusudira, kandi ibikoresho byangiza bikozwe mugihe cyo gusudira, kandi ibikoresho byangiza bikozwe mugihe cyo gusudira, kandi ibikoresho byangiza byimazeyo mugihe cyo gusudira, kandi ibikoresho bimara imbaraga nke; Icya gatatu, gusudira kwa gatatu birashobora kugera ku gusudira ibikoresho bidasannye, ingingo nta gaciro ifite cyangwa ibirimo, kandi nta ruswa ya electrochemique ibaho.

Muri iki gisubizo, "l" "- aluminium igikomangoma-aluminium compal ifata inzira yo gusunika kugirango ihuze impera yumuringa hamwe numurizo silinderi ya alumini. Isahani yumuringa ikoreshwa muguteranya kuri bateri cyangwa itangira. Ikozwe mu miringa, ifite imbaraga nyinshi, ntabwo byoroshye guca mu gihe cyo kwishyiriraho, kandi amacakubiri yo hejuru arashobora kugabanya uruganda rwa electrochemika iterwa no guhuza umuringa n'umubiri w'imodoka. Umurizo wa aluminium silinder ni spornar stower yakoreshejwe muguhuza umuyobozi wa aluminium. Nyuma yumuyobozi wa aluminimu ashyirwa muri silinderi nziza ya aluminium n'ibikoresho byihariye, ituma ahinduka ibikoresho. Insinga zose za aluminium hamwe na silinderi nziza ya aluminium ikozwe mubintu bimwe kandi ifite coefficial imwe yo kwagura ubushyuhe mugihe ubushyuhe bwo hejuru kandi buke bundi bushya bwo kwaguka.

Ibyiza byiki gisubizo ni: Isahani yumuringa yahinduwe irashobora kuzuza ibisabwa niteraniro, kandi umuyoboro wa aluminium uhuza ibikorwa byumuyoboro utandukanye nurwego rusanzwe rwo kwagura.

Nyuma ya terminal ihujwe numuyobozi wa aluminium, ubushyuhe bukomeye bwikiruhuko bwamanutse hamwe na kole burashobora gukoreshwa mugupima. Ubushyuhe bwamanutse bufite ubushishozi, kurwanya ruswa no kwambara. Nyuma yo gushyuha nibikoresho byihariye, urukuta rwinyuma rugabanuka, hamwe na kole ikomeye ku rukuta rwimbere ishonga amazi, gupfukirana uruhu rwo kwinjiza insinga. Nyuma yo gukonja no gukomera, birashobora kugera ku kurwanya ikimenyetso n'amavuta yo kugaburira, no gukumira imyanda ku gahato.
②ultrasonic gutanga umusaruro

Kuva mu myaka ya za 1980, injyana ya Ultrasonic Intara yo gusudira yakoreshejwe mu gusudira, gukoresha ingufu za ultrasonic zisuka kugirango uhindure icyuma cya molecular. Ihuriro risukuye rigera kuri metallurcique ihuza ntaho dushongesheje ibikoresho byababyeyi, iko ingwate ikomeye-ya leta kandi irashobora kwirinda neza ibisate nimyama yo gusudira bisanzwe.

Ikoranabuhanga rya Ultrasonic rikoreshwa cyane muguhuza insinga ninsinga, insinga na terefone. Inzira yo gusudira yihuta kandi itunganijwe irashobora gukurikiranwa murwego. Ihuriro risukuye ni ibyuma byiza bihuza, bidashoboka byoroshye kumesa, kunyerera n'umunaniro. Ihuza rirakomeye, kwizerwa ni byinshi, kandi imyigaragambyo ituwe ni hasi.

Iri koranabuhanga rishobora guhuza ibikoresho bimwe cyangwa bitandukanye, nkumuringa na aluminium. Kubera ko icyuma gisudikuwe mu buryo butaziguye, nta musirikare cyangwa umusirikare cyangwa flux isabwa. Byongeye kandi, gusudira ultrasonic bifite imihangayiko gake kubikoresho kandi mubyukuri ntibihindura imitungo yibikoresho bisukuye nibikoresho bikikije. Ubushuhe bwa ultrasonic bufite inzira yoroshye, imbaraga zihuriweho, gukora neza, hamwe nuburyo busanzwe bubi bushobora gusudira. Abayobora hamwe nigice cyambukiranya igice cya 160mm2 cyangwa kinini birashobora gusudira. Bisa no gusudira tekinoroji yububiko, ultrasonic ukwiranye nibikoresho nuburyo bidasa, nkumuringa na aluminimu, injira n'isahani, kandi bigakoreshwa cyane mu nsinga nibikoresho bya kabili. Kubwibyo, igisubizo gikoresha umuringa, gihujwe nabayobora mushyanga binyuze mu rugero rwa ultrasonic musuye ultrasonic, kandi zikabambwa kandi zigashyirwaho n'inzara ku mpande za terminal kugirango zikongere kwizerwa. Mu buryo nk'ubwo, ubushyuhe bukabije bukabije bwamanutse bwo guhagarika burashobora gukoreshwa mu rwego rwo gukumira ihuza kugirango hirindrokanye amavuta.

3. Incamake

Dushingiye ku bihe biriho bikabije kandi uburemere buremereye bw'Imodoka y'umuringa, iyi mpapuro zikoresha ibipimo ngenderwaho byo gusimbuza insinga z'umuringa hamwe n'insinga nshya, zitanga inzira nshya ku bigo no kugabanya ibiro.